| Database Transaction Models - For Advanced Applications (1992) |
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| From the Publisher This collection offers the reader a broad survey of the role of transaction processing in advanced computer applications. It contains an introduction to traditional transaction technology, and comprehensive descriptions of commercial systems and research projects. This volume will help anyone interested in keeping up with database applications and the potential for transaction processing systems to address the needs of OLTP, CAD, CASE, computer aided publishing, heterogeneous databases, active databases, communications, systems and other areas. For researchers, managers, software developers, professionals in the data processing fields, or anyone interested in a coherent overview of this new and fast growing area of computer science. From The Critics Booknews The transaction concept has emerged as the key structuring technique for distributed data and distributed computations. Representing the spectrum from research universities to industry, contributors discuss applications to planning, design, engineering, manufacturing, and commerce. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com) CONTENTS: ========== Foreword by Jim Gray Preface Acknowledgments 1 Transaction Management in Database Systems (D. Agrawal and A. El Abbadi) 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Execution atomicity 1.2.1 Motivation 1.2.2 Serializability 1.2.3 Conflict Serializability 1.3 Failure Atomicity 1.3.1 Transaction Failures 1.3.2 System Failures 1.4 Distributed Databases 1.5 Extensions to the Transaction Model 1.5.1 Multiversion Databases 1.5.2 Nested Transaction Model 1.5.3 Transaction Models for Abstract Objects 1.6 Concluding Remarks 2 Introduction to Advanced Transaction Models (Ahmed K. Elmagarmid, Yungho Leu, James G. Mullen, and Omran Bukhres) 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Advanced Transaction Models 2.2.1 Cooperative Transaction Hierarchy 2.2.2 Cooperative SEE Transactions 2.2.3 DOM Transactions 2.2.4 A Transaction Model for an Open Publication Environment 2.2.5 ConTract Model 2.2.6 Split-Transactions 2.2.7 Flex Transaction Model 2.2.8 ACTA 2.2.9 Transaction Tool Kits 2.2.10 S Transactions 2.2.11 Multilevel and Open Nested Transactions 2.2.12 Polytransactions 2.3 Summary of Transaction Models 3 A Cooperative Transaction Model for Design Databases (Marian H. Nodine, Sridhar Ramaswamy, and Stanley B. Zdonik) 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Characteristics of the Transaction Model 3.2.1 Hierarchical Organization of Transactions 3.2.2 Correctness Criteria 3.2.3 Multi-copy versus Single-copy system 3.2.4 Operation-Based Recovery 3.3 The Model 3.3.1 Transaction Groups 3.3.2 Cooperative Transactions 3.3.3 Operations 3.3.4 Histories 3.4 Correctness 3.4.1 Patterns and Conflicts 3.4.2 LR(O) Grammars and DPDAs 3.4.3 Correct Transaction Group Histories 3.5 Example 3.6 Synchronization 3.6.1 Algorithm 3.6.2 Example 3.6.3 Checkpointing 3.7 Recovery 3.7.1 Dependency Maintenance and Logging 3.7.2 Algorithm 3.8 Related Research 3.9 Summary 4 A Flexible Framework for Transaction Management in Engineering Environments (Sandra Heiler, Sara Haradhvala, Stanley Zdonik, Barbara Blaustein, and Arnon Rosenthal) 4.1 Introduction 4.1.1 Motivation 4.1.2 Summary of the Approach 4.1.3 An Example of Transaction Management in a Simple Organization 4.1.4 Related Work 4.2 The Model 4.2.1 Overview 4.2.2 Semantics of Request Processing 4.2.3 Request Processing by the TMH 4.2.4 Framework Services and Their Interfaces 4.3 Protocols for Software Engineering Environments-Approaches and Idioms 4.3.1 Specifying Protocols 4.3.2 Deadlock Prevention/Detection 4.3.3 Limiting Sharing 4.3.4 Triggering Copies and Merges 4.4 Results and Status 5 A Transaction Model for Active Distributed Object Systems (Alejandro Buchmann, M. Tamer Ozsu, Mark Hornick, Dimitrios Georgakopoulos, and Frank A. Manola) 5.1 Introduction 5.2 A Characterization of Transaction Schemes 5.2.1 Correctness Criteria 5.2.2 Transaction Models 5.3 The DOM Transaction Model 5.3.1 Example of a DOM Transaction 5.3.2 Multitransactions 5.3.3 Nested Transactions 5.3.4 Compensating Transactions 5.3.5 Contingency Transactions 5.3.6 Vital and Non-vital Transactions 5.4 Formal Specification of the Model 5.4.1 Summary of the ACTA Formalism 5.4.2 Multitransactions 5.4.3 Nested Transactions 5.4.4 Contingency Transactions 5.4.5 Compensating Transactions 5.5 Conclusions and Future Work 6 A Transaction Model for an Open Publication Environment (Peter Muth, Thomas C. Rakow, Wolfgang Klas, and Erich J. Newhold) 6.1 Overview 6.2 Introduction 6.3 The Architecture of the Publication Environment and its Transaction Needs 6.3.1 Architecture 6.3.2 Requirements for the Transaction Model 6.4 Transaction Model 6.4.1 Object-Oriented Serializability 6.4.2 Object-Oriented Concurrency Control 6.4.3 Recovery 6.5 Transactions in the Publication Environment 6.5.1 Transaction Execution 6.5.2 The Impact of Distribution 6.5.3 The Impact of Heterogeneity 6.6 Conclusion 7 The ConTract Model (Helmut Wächter and Andreas Reuter) 7.1 Introduction and Overview 7.2 Transaction Support for Large Distributed Applications 7.3 ConTracts 7.3.1 Modelling Control Flow: Scripts and Steps 7.3.2 ConTract Programming Model 7.3.3 Transaction Model 7.3.4 User Interface for Controlling Large Distributed Applications 7.3.5 Forward Recovery and Context Management 7.3.6 Consistency Control and Resource Conflict Resolution 7.3.7 Compensation 7.3.8 Synchronization with Invariants 7.4 Implementation Issues 7.4.1 Flow Management 7.4.2 Transaction Management 7.4.3 Logging 7.4.4 Synchronization 7.4.5 Transactional Communication Service 7.5 Comparison with Other Work 7.5.1 Structural Extensions 7.5.2 Embedding Transactions in an Execution Environment 7.6 Conclusions 7.7 Sample Script 8 Dynamic Restructuring of Transactions (Gail E. Kaiser and Calton Pu) 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Requirements 8.3 Programmed Transactions 8.3.1 Definitions 8.3.2 Nested Transactions 8.4 User-Controlled Transactions 8.5 Applications 8.5.1 Editing 8.5.2 Design Environments 8.5.3 Multi-User Design Environments 8.6 Implementation Issues 8.7 Comparison to Related Work 8.8 Conclusions 9 Multidatabase Transaction and Query Processing in Logic (Eva Kühn, Franz Puntigam, and Ahmed K. Elmargarmid) 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Representation of MDBS Queries in Prolog 9.2.1 Dynamic and Static Integration 9.3 Transaction Control with Logic Programming 9.3.1 The Flex Transaction Model 9.3.2 Parallel Logic Programming 9.4 Query and Transaction Processing in VPL 9.4.1 Architecture 9.4.2 Operational Semantics of the VPL Language 9.4.3 Mapping Transactions into VPL Queries 9.5 Extending the Power of Flex Transactions 9.6 Conclusions 10 ACTA: The Saga Continues (Panos K. Chrysanthis and Krithi Ramamritham) 10.1 Introduction 10.2 The Formal ACTA Framework 10.2.1 Preliminaries 10.2.2 Effects of Transactions on Other Transactions 10.2.3 Objects and the Effects of Transactions on Objects 10.3 Characterization of Atomic Transactions 10.4 Characterization of Sagas 10.4.1 A Special Case of Sagas 10.5 Variations of the Sagas Model 10.5.1 Sagas with no Special Relation with Last Component 10.5.2 Sagas with Vital Components 10.5.3 Sagas of Sagas 10.5.4 Sagas with Non-Compensatable Components 10.6 Conclusions 11 A Transaction Manager Development Facility for Non Standard Database Systems (Rainer Unland and Gunter Schlangeter) 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Transaction types 11.2.1 Conventional transaction management 11.2.2 The concept of nested transactions 11.2.3 Fundamental rules of Moss’ approach 11.3 Basic concepts and fundamental rules of the tool kit approach 11.3.1 Basic Concepts of the Tool Kit Approach 11.3.2 Fundamental rules of the tool kit approach 11.4 Characteristics of transaction types 11.4.1 Concurrency control scheme 11.4.2 Object visibility (access view and release view) 11.4.3 Task 11.4.4 Concurrent execution of children 11.4.5 Explicit cooperation (collaboration) 11.4.6 Recovery 11.4.7 Example 11.5 Lock modes 11.5.1 Motivation of our approach 11.5.2 Basic lock modes of the tool kit approach 11.5.3 The two effects of a lock 11.5.4 Locks in the context of nested transactions 11.5.5 Object related locks 11.5.6 Subject related lock 11.6 General rules of the tool kit approach 11.7 Brief overview of the structure of the tool kit 11.8 Concluding remarks 12 The S-Transaction Model (Jar Veijalainen, Frank Eliassen, and Bernhard Holtkamp) 12.1 Introduction 12.2. Autonomous environments and their requirements 12.2.1 Basic definitions of autonomy 12.2.2 O-autonomy 12.2.3 D-and M-autonomy and heterogeneity 12.2.4 C-autonomy 12.2.5 E-autonomy and erroneous and correct behavior 12.3 A gross architecture supporting S-transactions 12.3.1 Requirements for a transaction model coping with autonomy 12.3.2 The site architecture 12.3.3 The overall distributed architecture 12.4 Properties of S-transactions 12.4.1 A semi-formal model for the S-transactions 12.4.2 Syntactical correctness of S-transactions 12.4.3 Atomicity of S-transactions 12.4.4 Consistency preservation of S-transactions 12.4.5 Compensatability of local sub-S-transactions 12.5 A language supporting S-transactions, STDL 12.5.1 STDL/DDL 12.5.2 STDL/DML 12.5.3 Compensation 12.6 Applications of the S-transaction model 12.6.1 Banking 12.6.2 Computer Integrated Manufacturing 12.6.3 Software Engineering 12.7 Further developments 12.7.1 FRIL 12.7.2 The computational model of FRIL 12.8 Conclusion 13 Concepts and Applications of Multilevel Transactions and Open Nested Transactions (Gerhard Weikum and Hans-J. Schek) 13.1 Introduction 13.2 The Multilevel Transaction Model 13.2.1 Concepts of Multilevel Transactions 13.2.2 Limits of Multilevel Transactions 13.2.3. A Summary of the Multilevel Transaction Theory 13.2.4 Implementation Issues 13.3 The General Case of Open Nested Transactions 13.4 Relaxing the ACID Paradigm 13.4.1 Consistency-preservation 13.4.2 Isolation 13.4.3 Atomicity 13.4.4 Persistence 13.5 Applications of Open Nested Transactions 13.5.1 Extensible Database Systems 13.5.2 Federated Database Systems 13.5.3 Exploiting Operating-System Transactions 13.5.4 Object-oriented Database Systems 13.5.5 Intra-transaction Parallelism 13.6 An Application Study: Office Document Filing and Retrieval 13.7 Conclusion 14 Using Polytransactions to Manage Interdependent Data (Amit P. Sheth, Marek Rusinkiewicz, and George Karabatis) 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Specification of Interdatabase Dependencies 14.3 Polytransactions for Managing Interdependent Data 14.3.1 System Architecture 14.3.2 The Concept and Properties of Polytransactions 14.3.3 Executing Polytransactions 14.4 Interdatabase Dependency Schema 14.4.1 Specification of the Dependency Predicate 14.4.2 Specification of Mutual Consistency Requirements 14.4.3 Specification of consistency restoration procedures 14.4.4 Correctness of Dependency Specifications 14.5 Consistency of Interdependent Data 14.5.1 Definition of Consistency of Interdependent Data 14.6 Summary Biography Subject Index Author Index |
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| Includes bibliographical references and indexes. |